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- <text>
- <title>
- Malaysia: Government
- </title>
- <article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Malaysia
- Government</hdr><body>
- <list>
- <l>Names:</l>
- <l> conventional long form: none</l>
- <l> conventional short form: Malaysia</l>
- <l> former: Malayan Union</l>
- </list>
- <p>Digraph: MY
- </p>
- <p>Type: constitutional monarchy
- </p>
- <p>note: Federation of Malaysia formed 9 July 1963; nominally headed
- by the paramount ruler (king) and a bicameral Parliament; Peninsular
- Malaysian states - hereditary rulers in all but Melaka, where
- governors are appointed by Malaysian Pulau Pinang Government; powers
- of state governments are limited by federal Constitution; Sabah -
- self-governing state, holds 20 seats in House of Representatives,
- with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers
- delegated to federal government; Sarawak - self-governing state
- within Malaysia, holds 27 seats in House of Representatives, with
- foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers
- delegated to federal government
- </p>
- <p>Capital: Kuala Lumpur
- </p>
- <p>Administrative divisions: 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular -
- negeri) and 2 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan,
- singular - wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*,
- Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah,
- Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*
- </p>
- <p>Independence: 31 August 1957 (from UK)
- </p>
- <p>Constitution: 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
- </p>
- <p>Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of
- legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of
- the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
- </p>
- <p>National holiday: National Day, 31 August (1957)
- </p>
- <p>Political parties and leaders:
- </p>
- <p> Peninsular Malaysia: National Front, a confederation of 13
- political parties dominated by United Malays National Organization
- Baru (UMNO Baru), MAHATHIR bin Mohamad; Malaysian Chinese Association
- (MCA), LING Liong Sik; Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia, Datuk LIM Keng Yaik;
- Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), Datuk S. Samy VELLU
- </p>
- <p> Sabah: Berjaya Party, Datuk Haji Mohammed NOOR Mansor; Bersatu
- Sabah (PBS), Joseph Pairin KITINGAN; United Sabah National
- Organizaton (USNO), leader NA
- </p>
- <p> Sarawak: coalition Sarawak National Front composed of the Party
- Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu (PBB), Datuk Patinggi Amar Haji Abdul TAIB
- Mahmud; Sarawak United People's Party (SUPP), Datuk Amar James WONG
- Soon Kai; Sarawak National Party (SNAP), Datuk Amar James WONG; Parti
- Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS), Datuk Leo MOGGIE; major opposition
- parties are Democratic Action Party (DAP), LIM Kit Siang and
- Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Fadzil NOOR
- </p>
- <p>Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal
- </p>
- <p>Elections:
- </p>
- <p> House of Representatives: last held 21 October 1990 (next to be
- held by August 1995); results - National Front 52%, other 48%; seats
- - (180 total) National Front 127, DAP 20, PAS 7, independents 4,
- other 22; note - within the National Front, UMNO got 71 seats and MCA
- 18 seats
- </p>
- <p>Executive branch: paramount ruler, deputy paramount ruler, prime
- minister, deputy prime minister, Cabinet
- </p>
- <p>Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Parlimen) consists of an
- upper house or Senate (Dewan Negara) and a lower house or House of
- Representatives (Dewan Rakyat)
- </p>
- <p>Judicial branch: Supreme Court
- </p>
- <p>Leaders:
- </p>
- <p> Chief of State: Paramount Ruler AZLAN Muhibbuddin Shah ibni
- Sultan Yusof Izzudin (since 26 April 1989); Deputy Paramount Ruler
- JA'AFAR ibni Abdul Rahman (since 26 April 1989)
- </p>
- <p> Head of Government: Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad
- (since 16 July 1981); Deputy Prime Minister Abdul GHAFAR Bin Baba
- (since 7 May 1986)
- </p>
- <p>Member of: APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-77,
- GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO,
- INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, NAM,
- OIC, UN, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNOMOZ, UNTAC,
- UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Diplomatic representation in US:</l>
- <l> chief of mission: Ambassador Abdul MAJID Mohamed</l>
- <l> chancery: 2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC
- 20008</l>
- <l> telephone: (202) 328-2700</l>
- <l> consulates general: Los Angeles and New York</l>
- </list>
- <list>
- <l>US diplomatic representation:</l>
- <l> chief of mission: Ambassador John S. WOLF</l>
- <l> embassy: 376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur</l>
- <l> mailing address: P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala
- Lumpur</l>
- <l> telephone: [60] (3) 248-9011</l>
- <l> FAX: [60] (3) 242-2207</l>
- </list>
- <p>Flag: fourteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating
- with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper
- hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow
- fourteen-pointed star; the crescent and the star are traditional
- symbols of Islam; the design was based on the flag of the US
- </p></body></article></text>
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